André Gide
(22 Nov.1869-19 Feb.1951)
Gide was born in
Paris, France on
November 22,
1869. His father was a Paris University professor of law and died 1880. His uncle was the political economist
Charles Gide. Gide was brought up in isolated conditions in
Normandy and became a prolific writer at an early age. In 1895, after his mother's death, he married his cousin Madeleine Rondeaux but the marriage remained unconsummated.
In 1891 Gide published his first novel,Les Cahiers d'Andre Walter. From 1893-94 Gide traveled in northern Africa.
In 1908 Gide helped found the literary magazineNouvelle Revu française (The New French Review).
His wife Madeleine died in 1938. Later he used the background of his unconsummated marriage in his novelEt Nuck Manet in Te (1951).
After 1925 he began to demand more humane conditions for criminals. From 1925-26 he was a special envoy for the colonial ministry. In 1926 he published an autobiography,Si le grain ne meurt and journeyed to the
Congo with his friend Marc Allegret. They returned 1927. In his report he criticized the behavior of French business interests in the Congo and inspired reform.
During the 1930s he briefly became a
communist, but became disillusioned after his visit to
Soviet Union. His criticism of communism caused him to lose many of his socialist friends, especially when he made a clean break with it inRetour de L'U.S.S. in 1936.
Gide left France for Africa in 1942 and lived there until the end of the
World War Two. In
1947, he received the
Nobel Prize in Literature.
Gide died on
February 19,
1951.
Selected works:LES CAHIERS D'ANDRة WALTER, 1891 - The Notebook of André Walter
LE TRAITة DU NARCISSE, 1891
POةSIES, 1892
LE VOYAGE D'URIEN, 1983 - Urien's Voyage
LA TENTATIVE AMOUREUSE, 1893 - The Lovers' Attempt, trans. in The Return of the Prodigal
LE VOYAGE D'URIEN, 1893 - Urien's Voyage
PALUDES, 1895 - Marshland
LES NOURRITURES TERRESTRES, 1897 - Fruits of the Earth
LES CAHIERS D'ANDRE WALTER, 1891
LE PROMةTHةE MAL ENCHAخNة, 1899 - Prometheus Illbound / Prometheus Misbound
LE ROI CANDAULE, 1901
L'IMMORALISTE, 1902 - The Immoralist
SAـL, 1903
PRةTEXTES, 1903
LE RETOUR DE L'ENFANT PRODIGUE, 1907
LA PORTE ةTROITE, 1909 - Strait is the Gate - Ahdas portti
ISABELLE, 1911
NOUVEAUX PRةTEXTES, 1911
LES CAVES DU VATICAN, 1914 - The Vatican Cellars / Lafcadio's Adventures
LA SYMPHONIE PASTORALE, 1919 - The Pastoral Symphony - Pastoraalisinfonia - film 1946, dir. by Jean Delannoy, screenplay by Jean Aurenche and Pierre Bost, starring Michele Morgan, Pierre Blanchar, Line Noro, Jean Dessailly. - "And so we have in this film a wonderful example of a type of film worth looking at, but a type which, though especially dependent on adaptation, was not supple enough to do justice to the literature it celebrated." (Dudley Andrew inModern European Filmmakers and the Art of Adaptation, ed. by Andrew S. Horton and Joan Magretta, 1981)
MORCEAUX CHOISIS, 1921
NUMQUID ET TU?, 1922
DOSTOدEVSKY, 1923
CORYDON, 1924
INCIDENCES, 1924
SI LE GRAIN NE MEURT, 1924-26 - If It Die... - Ellei vehnنnjyvن kuole
LES FAUX-MONNAYEURS, 1926 - The Counterfeiters - Vننrنnrahantekijنt
VOYAGE AU CONGO, 1927
RETOUR DU TCHAD, 1928
ESSAI SUR MONTAIGNE, 1929
L'ECOLE DES FEMMES, 1929 - The School fo Wives - Naisten koulu
ROBERT, 1929
NE JUGEZ PAS, 1930 - Andre Gide, Judge Not (trans. by Benjamin Ivry)
OEDIPE, 1931 (play)
DIVERS, 1931
LES NOUVELLES NOURRITURES, 1935
GENEVIةVE, 1936
RETOUR DEL' U.S.S.R., 1936
RETOUCHES ہ MON RETOUR DE L'U.S.S.R., 1937
JOURNAL1889-1939, 1939
JOURNAL1939-42, 1946
THةSةE, 1946 - Two Legends: Oidipus and Theseus
NOTES SUR CHOPIN, 1948
FEUILLETS D'AUTOMNE, 1949
JOURNAL1939-49, 1950
ET NUNC MANET IN TE, 1951 - The Secret Drama of My Life / Madeleine
AINSI SOIT-IL, 1952
ŒUVRES COMPLبTES, 1932-1954
Taken from:
http://en2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andre_Gide http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/agide.htmFor more information:
http://www.andregide.org/gidebio1.htmlhttp://www.andregide.org/gidebio3.html#selbio
http://www.kalin.lm.com/gide.html
http://www.andregide.org/gidebio.html