• Kuala Lumpur
    • MPUR Kuala Lumpur (or "K. L.," as it's known to locals) is the center and symbol ofMalaysia's rapid rise as an economic powerhouse. There are enchanting temples and mosques, small white-washed colonial ...
    • Jakarta
    • ARA Jakarta , capital of Indonesia, is the largest city of the country. It is located on the north-western coast of the island of Java on Jakarta Bay, at the mouth of the Ciliwung River. Jakarta is also the cent...
    • Jabir Ibn Haiyan
    • ont-family: tahoma">Jabir Ibn Haiyan (Died 803 CE) Jabir Ibn Haiyan, the alchemist Geber of the Middle Ages, is generally known as the father of chemistry. Abu Musa Jabir Ibn Hayyan, sometimes called al-Harrani a...
    • Istanbul
    • NBUL GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION Istanbul is the only city in the world built on two continents. Istanbul is a province designed to be the capital and it has been the capital of three empires which used to dominate ...
    • Cocos Islands
    • ands Background There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William Keeling discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they ...
    • Bangladesh
    • desh Location and Geography Location: Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India n xstyle="color: black"> (Most of the country is situated on deltas of large rivers flowi...
    • Hanafism
    • The Hanafiyyah School is the first of the four orthodox Sunni schools of law. It is distinguished from the other schools through its placing less reliance on mass oral traditions as a source of legal knowledge.
    • Abu Yusuf Yaqub ibn Ishaq al-Sabbah Al-Kindi
    • ndi (about 801 in Kufah, Iraq- 873 in Baghdad, Iraq) Al-Kindi was born and brought up in Kufah, which was a centre for Arab culture and learning in the 9th century. This was certainly the right place for al-Kind...
    • Iraq
    • IRAQ Formerly part of theOttoman Empire, Iraq became an independent kingdom in 1932. A "republic" was proclaimed in 1958, but in actuality a series of military strongmen have ruled the country since then, t...
    • Ajman University of Science and Technology
    • ogy http://www.ajman.ac.ae/ About AUST  The establishment of Ajman University College of Science and Technology (AUCST) came as a response to the importance His Highness Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahayan, th...
    • Al-Quds university
    • tyle="font-family: tahoma">Al-Quds university: The Arab university in Jerusalem http://www.alquds.edu/ Jerusalem (Al-Quds) has played a central educational role throughout its history. In particular, its Muslim schools...
    • Indonesia
    • SIA The world's largest archipelago, Indonesia achieved independence from the Netherlands in 1949. Current issues include: alleviating widespread poverty, implementing IMF-mandated reforms of the banking sector, e...
    • Ibrahim ibn Sinan ibn Thabit ibn Qurra
    • rra (908 in Baghdad- 946 in Baghdad) Ibrahim ibn Sinan was a grandson of Thabit ibn Qurra and studied geometry and in particular tangents (1) to circles. He also studied the apparent motion of the Sun and the geometry of...
    • HOMS (Emesa, Hims)
    • ims) Homs situated in between the desert from the East and the gateway of sea from the West, located in a wide area of plain and fertile area forming an important point of communications in Syria and its neighboring countri...
    • Guinea
    • NEA Independent fromFrance since 1958, Guinea did not hold democratic elections until 1993 when Gen. Lansana CONTE (head of the military government) was elected president of the civilian government. He was reelect...
    • Gambia
    • MBIA  TheGambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965; it formed a short-lived federation of Senegambia with Senegal between 1982 and 1989. In 1991 the two nations signed a friendship and cooperation t...
    • Frithjof Schuon
    • uon (1907-1998) Frithjof Schuon, also known as Shaykh `Isa Nur al-Din Ahmad al-Shadhili alDarquwi al- `Alawi al-Maryami, wasan authentic representative of the Sophia Perennis. In his books, he often described t...
    • ERITREA
    • TREA Eritrea was awarded to Ethiopia in 1952 as part of a federation. Ethiopia's annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later sparked a 30-year struggle for independence that ended in 1991 with Eritrean reb...
    • Egypt
    • GYPT The regularity and richness of the annualNileRiver flood, coupled with semi-isolation provided by deserts to the east and west, allowed for the development of one of the world's great civilizations. A unifie...
    • DJIBOUTI
    • OUTI The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. Geography Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the ...
    • Damascus
    • scus Capital of Syria , with 2.4 million inhabitants ( 2002 estimate ) . Damascus mountains to the west , and the desert to the east . Damascus lies in the Ghutah oasis , and is fed with water by the Barada River...
    • Chad
    • CHAD The Republic of Chad is the largest country of former French Equatorial Africa. Chad is a landlocked country with one of the world’s lowest population densities. It is situated in the heart of Africa and has...
    • BURKINA FASO
    • ASO LOCATION & GEOGRAPHY Location: Western Africa, north of Ghana Burkina Faso, formerly Upper Volta, is a landlocked West African State which lies between the Sahara Desert and the Gulf of Gui...
    • Brunei
    • runei Background The Sultanate of Brunei's heyday occurred between the 15th and 17th centuries, when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently...
    • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ovina Background Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991, was followed by a declaration of independence from the former Yugoslavia on 3 March 1992 after a referendum boycotted by e...
    • Beirut
    • American University of Beirut (AUB) http://www.aub.edu.lb/ The University The American University of Beirut (AUB) is a private, independent, non-sectarian institution of higher learning, founded in 1866. It function...
    • The American University of Beirut
    • yrouth) Capital of Lebanon, on the Mediterranean Sea, at the foot of the Lebanon Mountains, Beirut, is an important port and financial center. Before the civil war of 1975–90 Beirut was also a flourishing tourist c...
    • Banu Musa brothers
    • hers (about 800 in Baghdad) There were three brothers Jafar Muhammad ibn Musa ibn Shakir , Ahmad ibn Musa ibn Shakir and al-Hasan ibn Musa ibn Shakir . They are almost indistinguishable but we do know that although th...
    • BAHRAIN
    • RAIN Background Bahrain's small size and central location among Persian Gulf countries require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors. Possessing minimal oil reserve...
    • Baghdad
    • dad Baghdad, the capital ofIraq, is situated in centralIraq, on both banks of the Tigris River. The city's principal economic activity is oil refining. Most of Iraq's other industries are inBaghdad, such as the making of car...
    • Azerbaijan
    • jan BACKGROUND Azerbaijan - a nation of Turkic Muslims - has been an independent republic since the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991. Despite a 1`994 cease-fire, Azerbaijan has yet to resolve its conflict ...
    • Arabian Gulf University
    • ily: tahoma">Arabian Gulf University College of Medicine and Medical Sciences Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare and Medical Education The Arabian Gulf University, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences,Bahrain has...
    • Amman University
    • sity Amman University is the first private University to be established in Jordan, dating back to 1990. It has since then, set a pioneering pace in the field of private higher education. AU is fully accredited b...
    • American University - Central Asia
    • sia http://www.auk.kg/index.html AUCA is an American-style liberal arts university that offers high quality academic programs to qualified students from all over the world. It is the first and only higher educat...
    • Al Manama
    • ama The capital of Bahrain Manama is the capital of Bahrain.  In the last 30 years the city has more than doubled in size and now covers about 25 square kilometres.  The population has also risen drama...
    • Allame Tabatabaee University
    • -family: tahoma"> Allame Tabataba'ee University http://www.atu.ac.ir Phone: 8901521-5 Fax: 8902536 TLX: 215372 UAT P.O.Box: 15815-3487 - Tehran/Iran Introducing the University The University provides a vast ran...
    • Allama Iqbal Open University
    • sity (AIOU) http://www.aiou.edu.pk The Allama Iqbal Open University was established in 1974. It is first distance learning university in Asia.  The AIOU is a unique institution in the sense that its appr...
    • Algeria
    • ia COUNTRY PROFILE Country Formal Name: Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria. Short Name: Algeria. Term for Nationals: Algerian(s). Capital: Algiers. Date of Independence: July 5, 1962, from France...
    • Alexandria
    • dria Alexandria, the shining pearl of the Mediterranean , and the beacon radiating its culture and heritage to the world at large The second largest city and the mainport of Egypt , Alexandria was built by the G...
    • Aleppo (Halab)
    • alab) Cradled in a bowl of dry hills in northern Syria, the city of Aleppo presents an austere facade to those entering her ancient gates. Halfway between the Euphrates and the coast, Aleppo's location made her ...
    • Republic of Albania
    • nia Geography Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Ionian Sea, between Greece and Serbia and Montenegro. Geographic coordinates: 41 00 N, 20 00 E Map references: Europe Are...
    • Al-Marrakushi ibn Al-Banna
    • nna (29 Dec 1256 in Marrakesh, Morocco- 1321 in Marrakesh) Ibn al-Banna is also known as Abu'l-Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Uthman al-Azdi. It is a little unclear whether al-Banna was born in the city of Marrakesh or whe...
    • Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khidr Al-Khujandi
    • ndi  (About 940 in Khudzhand, Tajikistan - 1000) Few facts about al-Khujandi's life are known. What little we know comes through his writings which have survived and also some comments made by Nasir al-din al-Tusi . F...
    • Ahmed ibn Yusuf al-Misri
    • sri (835 in Baghdad - 912 in Cairo, Egypt) Ahmed ibn Yusuf's father Yusuf ibn Ibrahim was also a mathematician. Yusuf ibn Ibrahim lived inBaghdad but moved to Damascus in about 839. After a little while he moved again, takin...
    • Al-Ishbili, Abu Muhammad Jabir ibn Aflah
    • lah (About 1100 in possibly Seville- about 1160) Jabir ibn Aflah is often known by the Latinised form of his name, namely Geber. Although not he was not in the first rank of Arabic mathematicians, he is important in the d...
    • Afghanistan
    • tan National name: Dowlat-e Eslami-ye Afghanestan President: Hamid Karzai (2002) Area: 250,000 sq mi (647,500 sq km) Population (2002 est.): 27,755,775 (growth rate: 2.4%); birth rate: 41.0/1000; infant mo...
    • Abu Zayd Hunayn ibn Ishaq al-Ibadi
    • adi (808 in al-Hirah - 873 in Baghdad) Hunayn ibn Ishaq is most famous as a translator. He was not a mathematician but trained in medicine and made his original contributions to the subject. Hunayn's father was Ishaq, a ...
    • Abu al Hasan Ahmad ibn Ibrahim Al-Uqlidisi
    • isi  (About 920 in possibly Damascus - about 980 in possibly Damascus) Al-Uqlidisi is a mathematician who is only known to us through two manuscripts on arithmetic, Kitab al-fusul fi al-hisab al-Hindi and Kitab al-h...
    • Abu Abdullah al-Battani
    • NI (868--929 A.D.) Abu Abdallah Muhammad Ibn Jabir Ibn Sinan al-Battani al-Harrani was born around 858 A.D. in Harran, called Carrhae in earlier times by the Romans, and according to one account, in Battan, a Stat...